PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE refers to painful sores or ulcers in the lining of the stomach or first part of the small intestine, called the duodenum.
What Causes Ulcers?
No single cause has been found for ulcers. However, it is now clear that an ulcer is the end result of an imbalance between digestive fluids in the stomach and duodenum. Most ulcers are caused by an infection with a type of bacteria calledHelicobacter pylori (H. pylori).
Factors that can increase your risk for ulcers include:
Use of painkillers called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as aspirin, naproxen Diclofenac, n others), ibuprofen , and many others available by prescription; even safety-coated aspirin and aspirin in powdered form can frequently cause ulcers.
Excess acid production from gastrinomas, tumors of the acid producing cells of the stomach that increases acid output
Excessive drinking of alcohol
Smoking or chewing tobacco
Serious illness
Radiation treatment to the area
What Are the Symptoms of an Ulcer?
An ulcer may or may not have symptoms. When symptoms occur, they may include:
A gnawing or burning pain in the middle or upper stomach between meals or at night
Bloating
Heartburn
Nausea or vomiting
In severe cases, symptoms can include:
Dark or black stool (due to bleeding)
Vomiting blood (that can look like "coffee-grounds")
Weight loss
Severe pain in the mid to upperabdomen
How Serious Is an Ulcer?
Though ulcers often heal on their own, you shouldn't ignore their warning signs. If not properly treated, ulcers can lead to serious health problems, including:
BleedingPerforation (a hole through the wall of the stomach)
Gastric outlet obstruction from swelling or scarring that blocks the passageway leading from the stomach to the small intestine
Taking NSAIDs can lead to an ulcer without any warning. The risk is especially concerning for the elderly and for those with a prior history of having peptic ulcer disease.
How Are Ulcers Treated?
If not properly treated, ulcers can lead to serious health problems. There are several ways in which ulcers can be treated, including making lifestyle changes, taking medication, and/or undergoing surgery.
Lifestyle Changes to Treat an Ulcer
To treat an ulcer, first eliminate substances that can be causing the ulcers. If you smoke or drink alcohol, stop. If the ulcer is believed to be caused by the use of NSAIDs, they need to be stopped.
Ulcer Medications
Ulcer medications can include:
Proton pump inhibitors (PPI). Proton pump medications reduce acid levels.
Also multiple combinations of antibiotics can be taken for one to two weeks along with a PPI.
Upper endoscopy .
Some bleeding ulcers can be treated through an endoscope.
Surgery. Sometimes an operation is needed if the ulcer has created a hole in the wall of the stomach, or if there is serious bleeding that can't be controlled with an endoscope.
How Can I Prevent Ulcers?
To reduce the risk of developing ulcers:
Don't smoke.
Avoid alcohol.
Don't overuse aspirin and/or NSAIDs.
If you have symptoms of an ulcer, contact your health care provider.
Thank you
HLF🌴
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